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How to Write Financial Management Research Papers

Research paper writing is undoubtedly a daunting task for many college students. And finance is not the “softest” area when it comes to writing research papers. Developing a research paper in literature or anthropology can be challenging in certain ways. But when it comes to areas such as financial management, things can get quite complicated. Financial management covers various topics that are very hard to understand. That’s the reason most students might feel intimidated by the prospect of writing a research paper in this area of study. Hopefully, the following guide on how to write financial management research papers helps.

Financial Management Research Writing is Technical Writing: Before you read further, understand that writing a research paper in financial management is like writing any other type of research paper. While the degree of complexity of the content involved may vary with disciplines, the basic structure remains the same. However, the subject uses technical terminology and jargon that make researching it difficult. You must first understand the “language of finance” to write successfully.

Where Do I Begin?Start Reading: Starting is most often the hardest part. Whatever happens, do not allow yourself to get stuck. Use online resources such as websites, books, databases, and peer-reviewed journals to analyze relevant literature. Avoid sites whose authenticity you are not confident about. Keep an eye on extensions to domain names. You are all right using .gov, .edu, .org(for non-profits), and a few select .com sites. To be successful at this stage, you need to have excellent comprehension skills. You should be able to sift through the massive content in front of you and get a sense of what matters most. Take notes. Start collecting sources.

How to Write Financial Management Research Papers: Choose Your Topic

The reading you did should provide you with a topic you can manage. So, decide the specific topic your financial management research paper will focus on. Go for an issue that challenges and interests you. Also, it needs to be an area your faculty members would find valuable. Always have your teacher approve your topic before you start working on it. In most cases, you may have to prepare a research proposal. Doing that saves you time and helps you avoid unnecessary stress down the road.

The Narrower the Topic, the More Focused Your Research: Studying a broad topic comes with various challenges. If your area of interest is too broad, you cannot thoroughly examine the topic. It is best to select an aspect of a financial management area and focus all your mental energy on it.

For example: Assume your broader research paper topic is “Risk Management: Goldman Sachs.” In this case, you can consider handling a narrower aspect like operational risk. Your new topic would now be “Operational Risk Management at Goldman Sachs.” Your study gets super focused with a narrower topic area. Generally, the narrower the topic, the easier developing it becomes.

Topic ideas and the topic types to avoid: Unless you are super confident about every possible financial management topic, avoid:

Topics that appear to be too technical
Topics that seem too specialized
Topics about which you can’t seem to find enough source materials and data

A few Suggested Research Areas

Here are some financial management topic areas you can consider:

Risk management: This is concerned with how organizations manage unforeseen events and how to minimize their impact on organizational performance. Types of risks include financial risk, economic risk, regulatory risks, human risks etc
Corporate governance: Under this topic a student can choose an organization and study the system of rules and processes that govern an organization. A hot topic in this area today is the composition of women in the board and their impact on sustainable business practices.
Investment management: This topic is concerned with how a financial institution manages its financial resources such as equity, fixed income instruments, commodities and alternative investments.
Performance management:
Criminal money management

Develop Your Thesis Statement

You have reviewed enough material and collected relevant information regarding your sources. It is time to write down your thesis statement. Writing a thesis statement might not be as straightforward as you probably think. A good thesis statement does not simply state a fact. Nor does it attempt to advance an opinion. Also,it is not supposed to be a topic. Carefully reviewing relevant material provides you with one “strong” idea. Your thesis statement represents the “belief” you form after analyzing all your sources.

People Should Support or Oppose Your Thesis Statement

If you write a thesis statement no one wants to dispute, you most likely have stated a mere general fact or opinion. A well-written thesis statement causes others to say things like “ I do not agree with the author, but let me read on. “ Or, “ If I were the one writing this financial management research paper, this would be my position.” That is the reason you must avoid writing generic statements that do not stand out.

For Example: “Operational risk management at Goldman Sachs is effective.” Look at that statement. That statement may stir interest in people who agree the bank is doing a perfect job in operational risk management. Suppose we amended it a little and wrote, “Operational risk management in Goldman Sachs is effective, but the bank should do more to strengthen its systems.” What do you think about that statement? It makes people say “What more does this person know about Goldman Sachs?” They might also say “Goldman Sachs’ operational risk management is among the soundest known, but let’s hear what this author attempts to say.”

Make your statement inspire controversy, and you are on your way. Generally, there needs to be a bit of tension in your statement if it is to attract attention. So, pay attention while crafting the thesis statement.

How to Write Financial Management Research Papers: Structure

Having a clear idea regarding the specific format you will follow makes writing financial management research papers much easier. Here is an easy-to-follow structure you can adopt:

Title Page
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Introduction
Body
References

Title Page

It is what your professor or any other person sees first. Typically, the way you write and format this page depends upon the conventions and rules associated with your editorial style. How you handle a cover page in MLA slightly differs from how you write it using APA. Consider reviewing the specific manual again to ensure you are fully conversant with it. Usually, there are marks for writing the page correctly. These are like “free” marks for students who are keen while formatting this page. Typically, this page contains the study title, the name of the author, names of the supervisors involved, institution, and course name. Financial management normally follows the APA style.

Acknowledgement

Thanking those who encouraged you or offered a helping hand along the way is important. Mention their names and what they did for you.

Abstract

Some people use the term “abstract” and “introduction” interchangeably. It is all right; it all depends on the discipline in question and what your instructors might prefer. The abstract summarizes what your study is all about. Typically, an abstract is shorter than an introduction. Writing 400 –500 words for this section is enough.

Your abstract must:

State the problem you intend to investigate
Indicate your study’s purpose
State the method used
Display major results
State significant implications and interpretations of your findings

How to Write Your Problem Statement

Every research paper aims to solve a problem. But you cannot effectively address a problem unless you have first identified it. The issue needs to be crystal clear to you before you can think of presenting it to others through a research paper. Writing a problem statement isn’t hard if you have been reading and noting ideas. You can get ideas from anywhere including online magazines, journalarticles, press releases, newspapers and so on.

First, Describe What Should be the Case: Ask yourself: What would the situation be like if this company was not grappling with this problem? Answering that question is like solving the problem that exists. But the current situation is different; it is not what it needs to be. For that reason, use transitions such as “However” or “Unfortunately” to introduce your problem.

Problem Statement Example: “Goldman Sachs should do everything it can to mitigate the risks it currently faces so that it can become a stronger bank able to withstand financial trouble in the future.” You have described how things should be.

You are saying that the bank now faces certain risks. And that it is not where it is supposed to be in terms of risk mitigation. Now, let us write your problem statement:

“Unfortunately, Goldman Sachs is yet to act decisively regarding three risks that threaten to make it less competitive now and in the future. These are market risks, country risks, and political risks.”

Explain the Problem Using Facts and Figures: Find statistics that help you to explain the stated problem. Explaining the problem includes showing how Goldman Sachs suffers as a result of the current issue. You need not include citations in the abstract section. But you will need to provide support when it comes time to expound on those claims later on in the body.

Formulate Research Questions

Your research should restrict itself to answering your research questions. If you got the problem statement right, you should have no challenge writing the research questions. Research questions are “normal” questions ending with question marks.

For example: “Which market risks does Goldman Sachs face?”

Research Introduction

The opening sentence needs to have the “power” to grab the reader’s attention quickly. Where an introduction is dull, the reader usually stops reading. Here is your opportunity to announce your topic. Use the “inverted triangle” approach. In this approach, you start with general topic issues. You then shift your focus to specific features of the issues indicated. You need to give the reader a “hint” of what they can expect. You have to include a list of keywords if you intend to publish your paper.

Your hypothesis or hypotheses and thesis statement are part of the introduction. A hypothesis allows you to make a supposition or prediction that guides your investigation of the issues at hand. Usually, your paper’s thesis should be the last sentence of the introduction. Note: In qualitative studies, researchers typically use hypothesis and thesis in more or less the same way.

Background Information

This information can be part of your introduction. Or it can be a separate part. Here, you need to show the reader that you understand your topic. And that you have developed a fundamental understanding of the research problem your study seeks to investigate. Essentially, this section tells the reader what you understood before you started planning this project. It describes the nature and history of the research question as it relates to existing literature.

Literature Review

The literature review section allows your audience to familiarize themselves with the various sources you have selected for your study. Writing this part right presents you as a well-prepared researcher. The goal here should be to come across as someone possessing a profound knowledge of the area you are studying. Here, you need to include a review of recent, relevant works as well as the most current developments in that area. Your job is to analyze or evaluate the sources used and let the reader know which of them helped your research paper most.

Finally, you need to show why your work matters. How does it develop the already existing knowledge body?Why should anyone care about the work at all?

Methods

Here, you want to specify the study design you will be using. Are you going to do a qualitative or quantitative study? Depending on the nature of your topic, you can use either a quantitative or qualitative approach. If you want to investigate the risk component of securities held by ordinary shareholders in a business, the quantitative method is the better approach. If your paper intends to study how these ordinary investors perceive risk, you may want to use the qualitative approach. Qualitative research does not usually rely on statistical analysis.

In the methods section, you must:

Describe the sampling strategy: in financial management research papers, you might not always deal with people as your participants. Your participants can be archival documents or literary texts. Such “participants” are usually “subjects” rather than participants.
Identify the variables, especially in a quantitative study. If your financial management study is qualitative, you do not need to have dependent and independent variables.
Describe data collection tools: If your research design is quantitative, you can use questionnaires. However, it the study is qualitative, interviews provide better quality information
Describe your procedures for carrying out the research
Offer information regarding your analysis methods

Findings

Once you have analyzed the data obtained, you need to report the results. Decide which aspects of your research paper are the most critical and interesting. Discuss the results of your inquiry. You must determine whether the findings you obtained answer all your research questions. Whether your financial management paper followed the quantitative approach or quantity approach, you must interpret your results concisely. Were these results what you expected? If not, explain them. You also must find a way to link the results you have with your research questions and literature review.

Conclusions

You should end financial management research papers compellingly. The reader needs to understand whether your study was successful. Let them know whether any questions remain unanswered. You can restate the most significant points here, but you must choose your words carefully. Remember: the conclusion is likely what the reader retains. A well-written conclusion makes people feel that reading your work wasn’t a waste of time. Your conclusion can also suggest research others can conduct in the future.

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Major Guidelines to Writing Effective Thesis, Dissertation Papers

Writing Effective Thesis & Dissertation Papers: How To

You are about to begin writing your thesis paper. It is a daunting task, at least for some students some of the time. Usually, getting started is the most challenging part, and writing effective thesis that reads like a real thesis may seem impossible. One that does not read like a topic, an opinion, or profusion of mere facts. Writing effective thesis statement is for most learners the trickiest part of writing thesis or dissertation paper.

You seek guidelines for writing effective thesis paper. Hopefully, you’ll have understood the process by the time you are reading the last word.

Write Your Title Page

The specific editorial style you are going to use, for example, APA or MLA, guides you as you write the title page. Please refer to the relevant style manual and learn how to do it. That said, it should include your name, name of the institution as well as the names of your advisors.

Table of Content

Guides readers as they search for specific pieces of information. It lists all subheadings and headings. It also includes page numbers. You can use MS Word to quickly and professionally generate your table of contents.

List of Figures

It carries the page numbers of all the figures you have included in your work. You should also add a short title for each figure.

List of Tables

It lists the page numbers of all the tables you have included.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: Write Your Abstract

Typically, an abstract is no more than 500 words. That is about two relatively long paragraphs. Concisely tell your readers why the thesis paper matters. An abstract presents your most significant results. Be sure to include numbers where applicable. State the question or questions you are trying to answer as well as the methods you will use to investigate the problem. Also, your abstract needs to state the significant implications of your study. Implications are all about why your work matters. It is advisable to handle this part after you have finished writing your thesis paper. You do not need citations in your abstract.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: The Introduction Determines Whether Your Paper Succeeds or Fails

The introduction is what makes or breaks a lawyer’s case. And it is what determines whether your readers will continue to the rest of the argument. For that reason, you need to get super focused as you think through this section of your paper. The jury needs to know what a lawyer believes regarding their client’s innocence from the outset.

Does the lawyer believe the accused is guilty? Not guilty? A good lawyer’s opening lines let jury members know where they (lawyer) stands on the matter and how they plan to convince the jury. A well-written thesis introduction should be like the opening lines used by successful lawyers. It should be clear and focused. It should quickly tell the reader what you’ll argue. Most importantly, a perfect introduction tells readers how you intend to convince them.

Learn to Think like a Lawyer, Present Clear, logical, and Convincing Arguments

What comes to mind when someone says they are a lawyer? Smart. Thorough. Logical. Arguments. Those are possibly the ideas that pop up in your mind. Lawyers are all of those qualities, and more. Learning to write a thesis paper that makes your professor smile as they read is pretty much like writing a defense theory.

A good lawyer listens attentively to their client and understands all the fine points related to their case. Then they examine the prosection’s evidence thoroughly. Finally, they prepare an argument that presents a specific position. Their legal and logical reasoning needs to convince the members of the jury. If they fail, their client ends up in jail. Worse, they might get the death sentence. Mistakes can destroy a lawyer’s reputation and career fast. Your argument, too, needs to be logical and convincing if you want to earn an excellent grade.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: Write Your Thesis Statement

Every thesis paper needs to have a thesis statement. Your thesis statement should be part of your introduction. If there is one area that gives a lot of students trouble, it is writing the thesis statement. Don’t get confused. A thesis statement is not a topic. Nor is it merely a statement of fact. Most importantly, it is not an opinion. Your thesis statement needs to be the most prominent part of your introduction. Getting it wrong is like getting the whole thesis paper wrong. Typically, your thesis statement is the last sentence of your introductory paragraph.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: Review and Analyze Primary Sources

Let us assume you are a political science student. The first thing you should do is head to the library. Search for material related to what you want to write about. A good example can be the French Revolution. What were the specific causes? What took place? When? Who were the participants? Analyze every bit of information you gather from your primary sources. Can you identify a controversial point of view? Is the author’s argumentambiguous? Have they contradicted themselves? Understand the deeper implications of the author’s argument.

You are doing all this to get a working thesis. Write down your thesis statement as soon as you mentally develop it. Writing it down forces you to think in a clear, logical and concise way.

Use Counterarguments to Refine Your Thesis Statement

Failure to think about what others have said against your thesis is the beginningof failure. Analyze opposing points of view as this helps to clarify your thoughts and strengthen your thesis statement. Also, examining the counterarguments provides you with the views you’ll need to refute when it comes time to write your paper’s body. An argument without counterarguments is no argument. It is most likely an opinion or at best, a statement of fact.

Let us Attempt to Write Your Thesis Statement Now

“Although the economic paralysis and bankruptcy resulting from conflict between the nobility and the Monarchy led to the French Revolution of 1789 – 1799, the Enlightenment of the Frenchplayed a more significant role.”

What does the reader think upon reading your thesis statement? They might say: I don’t entirely agree with the author of this thesis paper. But I will read on and see how they argue their case. You would like people to agree with your point of view. But it is good enough that people find your paper worth reading, even when they disagree.

What a Thesis Statement is Not

A list

Don’t write,

“Political conflict, social antagonisms and enlightenment caused the French Revolution.” Your thesis statement succeeds in letting the reader know what to expect. But, doesn’t it read pretty much like a list? Besides, thisexample states what every educated person already knows. That statement advances no argument. It merely states a fact.

A question

Admittedly, a thesis paper is supposed to discuss, explore and answer specific questions. And keen readers want to feel that your paper tells them something. However, your thesis statement should not directly ask the question. That’s what research questions are for.

“What caused the French Revolution?” Always remember that a question and an argument are two distinct things. And without an argument, your paper will never get anywhere near being captivating. Finding the answers to why the revolution happened is easy for most people. So, you must attempt to present the facts in a way that makes the issue look fresh and interesting.

A statement that is confrontational

Do not write, “Monarchies are inherently evil; that is why the French Revolution happened.” How do you build your thesis paper upon such an ineffective thesis statement? Arguing that will likely prove to be a task you were not ready for. How did you decide that monarchies are evil? Is this your opinion? Is there any authority you can rely on? Academic writing is less about being judgmental and moralistic and more about being rational and factual. Besides, such a thesis statement might end up alienating some of your readers. Not everyone thinks monarchies are evil. In fact, you might just be the only one!

A statement containing general or overused terms

Let us look at this example thesis statement: “The French Revolution happened due to political conflict.” The statement does not advance an argument. Besides, it is obvious to almost everyone that political conflict must have preceded the revolution. Here, you are simply reminding readers what they know already. Your thesis statement, in this case, looks overused, general and uninteresting. The kind of paragraph-one conclusion that has the reader muttering: nothing new here.

A Statement Without an arguable claim

Your paper is supposed to advance a specific point of view. When you state a fact and pretend it is a thesis, discerning readers will quickly notice and stop reading. Let us look at the example we started with:

The author argues that the French Revolution is more attributable to the Enlightenment than to political conflict between the Monarchy and the nobility. Your reader probably views the French Revolution differently. But you have presented a clear, arguable claim. They would probably say “let me read further and hear what this author has to say.” When that person is your professor of political science, you are beginning to win. They might even think “Here isanother promisingscholar.”

A Hypothesis is Different than a Thesis Statement

Hypothesis writing is another challenging step of the scientific method. Some students get themselves all confused when it comes to writing effective hypothesis. They think a hypothesis and thesis statement are the same. Well, some disciplines may treat the two as though they were interchangeable, but they are different. If your study hopes to prove or disprove something, it needs to have a hypothesis. Typically, hypotheses most commonly appear in quantitative research. A hypothesis is a testable prediction. It is an educated prediction regarding the relationship between two variables. A researcher’s job is to support or falsify the hypothesis using observable evidence.

A Hypothesis Can be a Question or Statement

You learned earlier that a good thesis statement is never a question. In contrast, a hypothesis can either be a question or a statement. Your hypothesis must specify both the dependent variables and independent variables. Dependent variables relate to who or what you expect to get affected. An independent variable represents what or who you predict will affect your study’s dependent variable.

Essentially, the introduction expands on what you stated in your abstract. Typically, it is longer than the abstract. How long? As long as it reasonably needs to be. Generally, the longer the paper, the longer the introduction can be. It can be a page or pages.

Example of a Hypothesis

“Temperature may affect bacterial growth.”

Here, the researcher predicts that bacterial growth gets affected by temperature. You will notice that both bacterial growth and temperature are testable. In other words, the two variables are measurable. Another way to present your hypothesis would be to ask: Does temperature affect bacterial growth? Remember we said a hypothesis is either a statement or question.

No Hypothesis Statement in Qualitative Research – Usually

Hypothesis testing does not usually happen in qualitative research. Typically, qualitative research does not concern itself with hypothesis testing. It simply explores an area of study. Researchers can later use a quantitative approach to test the hypothesis or hypotheses.

You should present your hypothesis statement before you write your thesis statement. Don’t forget we are still at the thesis paper introduction stage. It might look like this article has taken quite a while guiding you on how to write a single part of your thesis. But remember: The introduction is the most important part of your thesis paper. Getting it wrong results in a failed paper that frustrates you in the end. You care about grades, don’t you?

Literature Review and Background information: Are They Part of the Introduction?

After you have written your introduction, you can now proceed to the literature review writing section. The social and hard sciences prefer to have researchers separate the background or literature review and the introduction. Humanities students usually present their literature review or background information as part of the introduction.

No hard and fast rules guide how you are supposed to present these sections. Also, there is no widely accepted convention as to whether your paper should have either literature review or background information or both. It is best to ask your academic advisor for clarifications on how to treat the introduction, background, and literature review.

Writing Effective Thesis: Background Chapter

Let’s assume your paper will have a separate background information chapter. What content do you include there? Use this space to present pre-requisite information critical to the understanding of your thesis paper. It should not be lengthy. After all, you are writing for people with at least a rudimentary knowledge regarding your area. Describe the historical developments that led you to your research questions or thesis. Clarify key terms and describe the scope of your area. Will you be relying on disciplines other than yours? Tell the reader about the aspects of those disciplines you will include.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: Literature Review Chapter

You have reviewed a ton of relevant material from various sources and developed specific ideas. The literature review chapter organizes your ideas into a conceptual structure from which the body of your thesis grows. Here, you should organize and link ideas together. Your intended audience should be able to see how the ideas interact as well as their relative importance. What fundamental concepts, theories, and models have you derived from your sources analysis? What are the counterarguments? Which ideas support the main ones?

At this point, you have collected various sources of reliable data. You need to have used primary sources — usually peer-reviewed journal articles and books. If you cannot find these in your school’s library, use online databases like ProQuest. Essentially, this chapter focuses less on presenting “literature” and more on analysis of existing knowledge. It identifies a knowledge gap and tells the reader why addressing that information gap matters.

Citations and Formatting

You must not write a single claim that you cannot support using credible evidence. Your preferred editorial style guides how you format your paper, write in-text citations, references, or bibliography page. Whether you are using APA, MLA, OSCOLA, Chicago, Harvard, or any other style, be sure you can correctly apply it. You can use reliable resources like Purdue Online Writing Lab to learn how to format your thesis paper and write citations. Needless to say, your work must not have plagiarism issues. Use any appropriate software package to ensure your document is authentic. Failure to do that can have others accuse you of academic dishonesty.

Writing Effective Thesis Paper: Methodology Chapter

The method chapter of your thesis presents a description of the precise steps you took to address the hypothesis or research question. Its purpose is to help even the most “naïve” reader replicate your study. Fundamentally, this chapter attempts to establish links between your research problem, method, and findings.

Qualitative studies are somewhat unstructured. However, you must not avoid being as detailed and specific as you would be in a quantitative study. You must describe your sample and how you solicited participants. If the participants are not people, you can use the term “subjects.” Additionally, the reader needs to know which instruments or tools you used. Did you use questionnaires, extended interviews, behavioral observations, or archival data? Also, describe how you selected the research materials relied on. Explain the procedures followed, too.

Do Not Merely Restate the Problem or Present the Literature Review Again

Most people tend to restate the problem and re-present the literature review in this section. Understand that the method chapter is supposed to describe the directions for carrying out a piece of research. If your study is quantitative, you must include a data analysis section that clearly outlines your procedure(s). Where you have used specialized equipment, tell the reader about the nature and type of such equipment. In that case, you may have to include an apparatus section.

Admittedly, though, a quantitative study can be a little more challenging than a qualitative one.Always use the past tense when writing the method section and the rest of the thesis.

Writing Effective Thesis: Results/Findings Section

Use figures and text to present your findings. The results section presents the facts of your research. Also, comment on the significance of your study’s key findings. Sometimes you can combine the results section with the discussion section. You can choose to have them under the same heading. Check with your advisor regarding the treatment of these two sections.

Writing Effective Thesis: Discussion

At this point, you have thought through your research findings and know what they mean. So, explain what they mean. The discussion section allows you to interpret your results for the benefit of readers. It also describes the results you expected and those you did not expect. Additionally, you must explain every unexpected result. Most importantly, your discussion section relates your specific findings to previous theory or research. At this point, state the limitations of your study. Also, comment on any research questions you did not answer. Essentially, tell the reader whether or not you proved your hypothesis.

Writing Effective Thesis: Conclusion Chapter

Take care how you write this section. It is as important as your introduction. Strive to craft it in a way that makes a strong impression on the reader. Here, tell the reader whether you achieved the aims of your research. Focus on the most significant points or results, and present them concisely. Your conclusion needs to be in alignment with your introduction and body.

Do you feel that you can handle a thesis paper like the competent researcher and writer you are? What stops you from writing effective thesis paper? Nothing. Let the confidence you have gained drive out every trace of doubt and intimidation.

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Comparison Between US and UK Education Systems

Difference Between US and UK Education Systems

Are you an international student looking for scholarship in UK and USA and wondering which of the two countries you ought to choose for your studies? then we have answers for all your potential questions. When choosing your future college or university, it is imperative to consider a variety of factors and see if they match your expectations. Our academic essay writers have compiled a list of factors to choose from and gone further to compare the factors in US and UK education systems.

The United Kingdom and the United States combined are home to more than 100 of the world’s best institutions of higher learning. In these countries, a tradition of a high-quality college education has continued for years. In both countries, a culture that encourages intellectualism thrives. Additionally, these nations have some of the best research facilities worldwide. It is accurate to say that these countries offer the student an excellent learning environment. However, a few differences exist between the US and UK education systems.

This article explores those differences so that you are adequately informed when it comes the time to make your decision to enrol in a degree course. Below are some of the differences between American and British education systems:

Study Duration

The time it takes to clear your degree program is one of the most important differences between the US and UK education systems. Typically, a degree program in the U.S. takes one year longer to finish than a similar degree in the U.K. While it is possible to start your PhD program right after your undergraduate in both countries, most students in the United Kingdom will usually complete their master’s degree before proceeding to the doctorate level of study. The reason it takes less time to finish your program in the U.K. is that the coursework there is kind of more focused than in the U.S.

Academic Terms

Here is another aspect where the US and UK education systems slightly differ. In the United States, most schools have their terms starting around mid or late August. Some colleges, often those teaching the liberal arts, may start their term a little later. Typically, students take a long break commencing mid-December through mid-January, when the next semester begins. Please note that for universities using different calendars such as the quarter-based system or the trimester, the winter break usually starts when the Thanksgiving holidays come around, around the end of November.

In the United Kingdom, the academic term is somewhat varied. Most universities in this country apply the semester system. However, some colleges follow the trimester and the quarter systems. The majority of the schools start their programs in September or October and continue until May or June, giving the British system an academic year that is a little longer than its U.S. counterpart. That said, you can expect your particular university in the U.K. to use a different calendar.

Cost of Education

While cheap is not a permissible word when describing how much it costs to get a degree in either country, education costs more in the United States. The U.K. government put in place a fee regulation in 2012 that set a limit on how much fees schools could charge. The upper limit was set at 9,000 pounds or approximately 14,300 U.S dollars every academic year. If you are an international student, expect to pay more than the maximum figure already stated.

In the U.S, the government is not keen on controlling the fees colleges charge. That said, the U.S. differentiates between out-of-state and in-state tuition fees. Also, this government differentiates between public and private universities. It is these distinctions that determine how much tuition fee you end up paying.

Typically, public 2-year institutions charge an average annual tuition fee of approximately 3,000 dollars while private 4-year schools charge an average of 29,000 dollars. You need to know that some of these private 4-year colleges can set you back up to 50,000 dollars every year until you finish your degree program. The fees in both countries might look a little intimidating, but college students can get loans with favourable terms and interest rates through the study period.

Assignments and Grades

The American education system focuses more on breadth while the British system of education considers depth to be more important. Since the U.S school system is broad, you as a student can expect to be handling weekly or bi-weekly readings, many small writing projects, major research papers, and a lot of oral presentations for the duration of the course. In contrast, the British education system tends to be lecture-based, though there will be an occasional assignment.

In some cases, there will be no assignments. In this case, the university administers one final exam that determines your overall grade. In the U.S., the grades you earn in the plethora of assignments matter, and the grade you receive in the final examination forms a percentage of your overall grade.

Accommodation

Both countries have resident halls where students stay while studying. In the U.K., you are highly likely to have your bedroom. If you want to study in the U.S., expect to share your room with at least one more student. After the first year, a learner in the United States might have additional housing options such as private housing or off-campus housing. The U.S. offers a range of full dining options while maid service is a common feature in U.K. college residence halls. The U.K. students pay a fee for the maid service.

Which Is Better :American Vs British Education System

You will get an excellent education whether you choose the American or the British education system. US and UK education systems have a somewhat different approach to learning, so it is up to you to decide what you want — breadth or depth. It will take you more time to study in one country as opposed to earning your degree in the other. Finally, there are cost differences to consider. With all this information, you are fully equipped to make a sound decision.

Expert Writing Help Offers British And American Homework Help

Are you a student in British or American college or university? expertwritinghelp.com offers PhD essay writing services to students studying in American colleges and universities. Studying in America is a no joke. You will be required to dedicate hundreds of hours per month doing serious studies. Not to forget you will need to look for part time jobs for sustenance. This leaves you with little time to do homework. You therefore need an expert homework writer to assist you complete your courseworks and homework. Same case applies to you studying in colleges and universities in UK, you need to seek British homework help services from our academic writing service in order to boost your grades.

Pros and Cons of Academic Writing Help

Pros and Cons of Buying Academic Writing Help Online

So, why use your hard money and time to buy academic writing help from the many academic writing services online? Juggling work or raising a family with studies can be a bit challenging. Are you an international student trying to get used to an overwhelmingly new environment called college? Perhaps you are a local student with too many assignments to complete? It is normal for students to find a little help with coursework, report, essay, or research paper writing. Before you press that “Place Order” button, it is imperative that you come to terms with the pros and cons of seeking academic writing help online.

No two college students are grappling with the same set of difficulties. Each person struggles with specific issues that make their situation unique and challenging in different ways. The question whether to seek help or suffer in silence is personal. But no one can choose the consequences of not seeking help when they need it. For those who decide to work with professionals, the pros of seeking academic writing help online usually outweigh any related disadvantages. Let’s consider the pros and cons of seeking academic writing help online.

The Pros of Buying Academic Writing Help

Students who choose to enlist the help of seasoned academic writing experts stand to gain a lot. Professional guidance certainly costs money. However, it comes with numerous benefits that make it all worth it in the end. Look at these advantages and decide if they provide benefits you would find motivating enough:

Online academic writing help is available 24/7

Your professor can only be available for so many hours on a typical school day. Some learners are “geniuses” who grasp even the most complicated concepts the first time their instructor teaches them. The rest of the class might need to spend a little more time on the same topic. That is where online academic writing help comes in. Academic writing companies work with accomplished tutors who work around the clock to ensure you get all the help you need. With online tutors, brilliant minds are always ready to walk you through complicated material anytime. It does not matter whether that is at 8.00 a.m or 2.00 a.m.

Online tutors provide personalized writing help

In class, your professor is busy explaining concepts and answering questions. However “nice” they might be, it is not possible for them to provide all the assistance you probably need. You are different from everyone else. But your teacher has no time to attend to each person in the class individually. That means learners with difficulties grasping concepts within the confines of the classroom will always struggle in their studies. Online tutors will solely focus on you and your specific needs. They can develop custom solutions that ensure you maximize your potential while allowing you to learn at your pace.

Academic writing help is a time-saving solution

Are you one of those mature college students seeking to bolster their career by earning a degree? You are busy. It is extremely hard to focus on any one thing for long enough when you have a thousand tasks awaiting your attention. Time moves swiftly, and it begins to feel like you will never really have enough time to work on your most critical goals. Writing that GIS or genetic engineering assignment can end up being one of those important things that fall through the cracks. Seeking academic writing help lengthens your day so that you can achieve more and become more. Hiring others is the only known way of adding hours to your day.

Academic writing services helps improve GPA

Life is not all about grades and GPAs. Living involves a lot of more than earning grades that make professors smile. You need to participate in your frat or sorority and make friends. These are your college days, after all. You want to build memories you will remember with nostalgia later on in life. Memories that make you smile. Memories that strengthen college-formed friendships. In this day and age, who you know can just be as important as what you know. While interacting with others in college is great, you GPA needs to be at the right place. Using online help ensures your GPA does not suffer just because you are a frat member. Such assistance pushes your research and writing skills to a whole new level, in the end. At that level, A becomes your default grade.

Cons of Buying Academic Papers Online

Students who decide getting help is not for them might be focusing too much on the cons. Before you dismiss their concerns, though, try to see things from their point of view. You might even learn something.

Online academic writing help costs money

You are probably not working. You are solely dependent upon your folks. Or you have to work part-time to buy food and make rent while paying your way through college. In all these situations, money is usually tight. And online help costs money. That can make it feel like something you can do without. And it probably is. If you are super intelligent and have all the time to complete all your coursework and assignment writing, why spend your money unnecessarily?

You don’t always become a better researcher and writer
what do you do with the sample you download from your favorite site? Submit it? Probably. It is your sample, and you can do with it as you please. Submitting that sample almost always bolsters your grades and ultimately the GPA. Unfortunately, your research and writing skills do not get the support such samples often provide. Ideally, you should use the samples you get to better your academic writing skills.
You are supposed to learn by observation. The writing service would want you to adopt its approaches to solving questions, citing sources, formatting papers and so on. When will you learn all these when all you want to do is download, print, and submit? Whether the assistance you get makes you a stronger student or not depends on what you do after receiving your sample.
Are these the only pros and cons of seeking academic writing help online? If not, which other factors discourage you from finding assistance? What other benefits do you enjoy?

AI: Future Of Accounting Profession

Impact Of Artificial Intelligence (AI) And Machine Learning On The Future of Accounting Profession.

Are you studying or intend to pursue accounting in college or university? you may be wondering what is the future of Accounting profession and the future outlook of accountancy given the recent disruptions being witnessed in various professions and occupations. Advancement in artificial intelligent system has, in some cases, outdone human efforts or better matched cognitive intelligence, as a result, most tasks that require military precision are being undertaken by these powerful systems. Most people are fearing that time will come when most business functions will be undertaken by AI systems, rendering accountant jobless. Artificial intelligence and block chain poise a threat to the traditional functions of an accountant such as book keeping and auditing. Automating of repetitive functions such as book keeping and validation of the input may render auditing functions obsolete. However, it does not mean the end to accountants. Most human resource practitioners foresee exciting times for the future of accounting profession. They do not anticipate robots taking over the human functions played by accountants. The future of accounting profession will largely harness computing power, therefore, future accountants need to change their mindsets and develop high computing skills to complement the work of AI systems.

The relentless progress that technology has shown is undeniable, whether you are a millennial, an iGeneration or even a laggard, one cannot deny the fact that we live in a time of technological marvels that seem to follow the footprint of Moore’s Law (1965). There are already elements of artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning, seen in our daily life today. Siri and Google are excellent illustrations of digital supporters that provide tailored services based on attributes learned about the user. Many have heard of the comparison made of Apollo 11 technological features to the smartphones available in the market today. Moreover, it is said there is more computing power on an iPhone than there was on the 1969 Apollo 11 mission to the moon or the Deep Blue supercomputer had in 1997.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be defined as “the capacity of machines and software to exhibit or imitate a sense of cognitive intelligence”. It is training machines to make human-like decisions and perform smart tasks that usually require human intelligence. Competencies presently branded as AI include successfully understanding human speech, competing at a high level in strategic game systems such as chess, autonomous cars, military simulations, and interpreting complex data. AI developers have managed to fashion applications that can expand human performance, automate complex processes, and simulate human engagement to progressively sophisticated levels. The current interest in AI has been driven by a trifecta of developments in machine learning techniques, data availability and continued acceleration in computer processing.

According to Arthur Samuel, an inventor in the field of AI who coined the term ‘machine learning’ in 1959, machine learning offers computers the capability of learning without being explicitly programmed. Machine learning is a “field of computer science that is considered the leading edge in artificial intelligence (AI) giving computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed”. It’s a subset of AI where machines use neural networks designed to function the same way as a human brain. The algorithms can process and analyze data from various sources around the world to predict outcomes and learn from successes and failures, recognize patterns, make connections, and classify it by the elements it contains.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence On The Future Of Accounting Profession

Given that AI and machine learning systems are fueling the technology we use in our homes, workplaces and entertainment centers, it is no surprise that accounting technology companies are testing with and employing them in their platforms. Accounting technology firms such as Xero and its rivals have been applying machine learning principles to wipe out challenges many small non-accounting-savvy business owners face. There are limitless rewards experienced by companies who are using these systems that have caused shock waves in the accounting society. Such benefits are as follows;

Future of Accounting Profession: Clearing Invoices Payment

Nowadays, accounts receivable or treasury clerks struggle to clear invoice payments when customers’ pool invoices in one expense, pay incorrect amounts or do not include invoice numbers with their payment. To clear the invoice, an accountant either has to physically add up several invoices that might coincide the payment amount or contact the customer to clarify some data. In the case of a short payment, the accountant either has to ask for approvals to accept the quick payments or request the remaining amount from the customer.

An intelligent system could support this task by promptly suggesting invoices that might match the paid amount and, based on established thresholds, spontaneously clear the minor payments or automatically generate a delta invoice.

Future of Accounting Profession: Expense Claim Auditing

Another transactional finance task that could benefit from AI-enhanced automation is expense claim auditing. Machines could learn a company’s payment policy, read receipts and audit overhead claims to ensure compliance and only detect and forward questionable claims to relevant employees for authorization. Rather than exclude the human workforce in accounting firms, the accountants will have new colleagues (machines) who will work in tandem with them to deliver more efficient and effective services to customers. This move will free up hours in the day for accountants to accomplish more vigorous analytics on the outputs of the system. Taking advantage of AI will enable accounting, audit, and compliance sectors to scrutinize significant amounts of data, and supply more analysis and insight as a part of their job description.

Future of Accounting Profession: Determining bonus accruals

Deploying AI solutions, firms could leave this calculation to a machine that uses all existing system data and predictive analytics abilities to come up with an unprejudiced accumulation. Furthermore, this would give accounting teams more time during the closing process for undertakings that require human intervention.

Future of Accounting Profession: Automating Approval Workflows

Today, approval workflows are mostly based on two-dimensional matrices that list various conditions based on which approval levels are triggered. Intelligent workflows could let finance players differentiate and sieve out the specific exemptions from the standard low-risk exception, that is usually accepted anyway. This way, accountants do not need to wait for approvals and feel empowered, while still limiting the risk for the organization.

Future of Accounting Profession: Machines as Financial Guardians

All industries require professionals who act in both financial and legal aspects and shoulder significant financial onus. They are usually very skilled and experienced employees, but being human, they are therefore prone to misconceptions, biases and other human errors. Machines and computers with sophisticated AI capabilities can someday take over such financial roles as they are not inclined to such human mistakes and become more efficient fiduciaries than their human counterparts.

This aspect of AI implementation is highly attractive for public trust funds like medical research, parks, educational institutes, etc., by ensuring long-term continuity and adherence to the original mandates.

Future of Accounting Profession: Analytics calculation

Accounting software is adapting and becoming smarter as time goes by, it is executing jobs that previously required human intervention. Tedious, labor-intensive, and mind-numbing tasks are being eliminated by machines through the art of restructuring operations thereby saving time, money and increasing efficiency.

Due to advancements in gathering and processing data skills; administrative capabilities, accounts payable and accounts receivable roles, learning how to organize different types of information through machine learning are becoming infiltrated by AI.

Future of Accounting Profession: Data analysis

Though companies employ large teams of accountants who work overtime to meet a deadline and finalize audits, the massive amount of transactions that pass through firms limits the quantity and quality of transactions that auditors can inspect by hand. Presently, auditors only study a select sample of transactions.

In a report by PWC, the future of auditors is seen to be bright as they will be able to audit 100% of firms’ financial transactions. Machine learning patterns will be able to process and review the data, recognize irregularities and come up with a list of outliers for auditors to check. Therefore, instead of spending most of their time checking data, auditors will be able to apply their abilities in examining and inferring the reason behind a pattern or anomaly.

Future of Accounting Profession: Risk assessment

In assessing economic proposals for services projects, finance teams are tasked with evaluating projects individually based on the customer characteristics, such as maturity, industry, size, current system landscape, the complexity of the products to be implemented and so on. To make this assessment, the team often relies on the top managers of the finance department who possess experience in similar projects. This comprehensive evaluation is not only unbearable for any finance team to do on such a large scale and guarded timeline, but the final decisions are limited by these individuals’ perspectives.

Machine learning could assist in the simplification of risk assessment mapping by pulling data from every project a company had ever finalized to compare it to a recommended project. Using this data, the team could then map the proposed plan against all historical projects and come up with a better-informed risk assessment. This could, in turn, allow finance managers to provide a better offer to customers using a lower risk uplift, or ensure that there is enough cover in case the risk is high. This capability could significantly increase the company’s revenue and margin.

Future of Accounting Profession: Bank reconciliation

A bank reconciliation is a practice corresponding the balances in a firm’s accounting records for a cash account to the corresponding data on a bank statement. Machines can learn how to automate bank reconciliations completely. AI and machine learning technology pick up from previous allocations and account choices and then makes the right recommendations for new bank transactions. As accounting companies and branches begin to rely significantly on machines to do the heavy lifting of calculating, reconciliations and responding to inquiries on balances and verifying information, auditors and bookkeepers will be able to not only deliver more value but handle more clients than ever before.

Future of Accounting Profession: Transforming the finance role

The primary objective of many chief financial officer (C.F.O.) is to leverage technologies that will positively impact jobs and finance. For this to happen, the skills required of those in the finance and accountancy function will have to change drastically. Transactional jobs will become less critical, while business partnering, cross-functional knowledge, and tech savvyness will become more critical. Furthermore, these systems must be built, maintained and integrated into existing operational systems and processes. Although the resources required for these transactional tasks will be fewer, the fast-changing business models driven by digitization will need additional financial resources to be developed and supported. Many other functions besides finance, including HR, procurement and legal, will be equally affected. The best thing leaders can do to prepare for the impact of machine learning, and artificial intelligence technologies are to strive to develop a learning culture, so employees can stay ahead of what is coming. Now is the time for CFOs to educate and prepare themselves on this topic, so they can lead their teams in adapting when the time is right.

Advanced Technology: How It Is Impacting The Future Of Accounting Profession

There is no contrast that artificial intelligence systems are not only a dominant force in the market but are refining quickly. They provide outputs that can be exceedingly accurate, replacing and, in some cases, far superseding human efforts. Nonetheless, they do not replicate human intelligence.

Accountants hold some strengths over AI; their ingenuity, critical thinking, decision-making skills and most importantly the power of building trust and relationships with clients. With the introduction of AI systems in every corner, accountants must pivot away from the business of crunching numbers and instead focus, more so than ever before, on using AI to develop a deep understanding of how the systems can solve accounting and business problems. Instead of hopelessly trying to outdo machines, they should empower themselves by utilizing these machines to market themselves as visionaries to their clients and company.

Accountants must inevitably come to terms with the exceptional potential of machine automation. Artificial intelligence won’t wipe out accountants, but rather revolutionize how they work. To form a positive vision of the future, accountants must take their fate into their own hands, instead of waiting for it to be imposed on them by robots. It is imperative for accountants to recognize AI as a business enhancement tool rather than a direct competitor and to apply the strengths and limits of the different form of intelligence towards building an understanding of the best ways for individuals and computers to work together.

As much as accountants have been using technology for many years to accelerate what they do and delivered more value to companies; the introduction of AI systems into the market should be seen as a blessing and an opportunity to improve on turnaround time, job satisfaction and excellence, and investment choices. By focusing on their niche, training themselves on future technologies, mastering machine learning, and building a closer human relationships; a savvy accountant can come to possess the knowledge of experts regarding the same machines and ensure they remain relevant far into the unknown future.

Machine learning and artificial intelligence in accountancy functions are here to stay. As accounting firms embrace centralized systems; and pacesetters continue to make progress in the development of AI, these machines will only become unbeatable. That being said, AI will only pose a crippling threat to an accountant who cannot keep up with the changing time and welcome newly found technology advancements to exploit it to their advantage.

Future Of Accounting Profession: Skills To Learn

As most human resource practitioners and analysts predict the future of accounting is set for a revolution. It is, therefore, imperative for accounting students to enhance their computing, programming, data mining and data analysis skills in order to remain relevant in the future job marketplace.

We encourage all accounting students to enroll for courses in emerging disciplines like python programming, data science and statistical data analysis to enable them fit in the future accounting profession market.

At Expert Writing Help, we assist accounting students with SPSS data analysis help, python programming, investments management assignment help, data science homework and programs.

Free Essay: Toyota Marketing Strategy

The 7Ps Of Marketing: Toyota Marketing Strategy Analysis

Are you a student in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada or Australia looking to hire marketing essay writing service for your Toyota marketing strategy plans, essays writing or dissertation help online? At Expert Writing Help, we hire highly talented and qualified marketing paper writers to assist you complete that assignment or marketing analysis paper giving you sleepless nights. Most students seeking our marketing essay writing service request for proof that we can deliver quality paper. It is for this reason that we regularly develop free marketing essays for students to judge our writing skills. In this blog post, we shall conduct market analysis on Toyota company to establish what makes the company successful. Since Toyota company is a highly successful automotive assembly company, it has attracted attention of academicians and pundits. Therefore, it is common to find academicians, analysts and strategists spending hours on end studying their marketing strategy. Our expert marketing essay writers deployed the 7Ps of marketing tool to analyze Toyota marketing strategy, which has seen the company grow into a giant automaker.

As of February 2018, Toyota was the largest carmaker in the world. And that is no accident. Continuous improvement, innovation, high-quality products, and fiercely executing a well-thought-out marketing strategy account for Toyota’s dominance. Toyota’s focused execution of the 7Ps of marketing provides useful insights into how a business can achieve greatness. They are product, price, place, promotion, physical evidence, process, and people.

Toyota marketing strategy: Product

Without a product or service, the other Ps of marketing do not mean a thing. Toyota makes beautifully designed, comfortable, fuel-efficient, durable, and safe products that satisfactorily meet users’ mobility needs. Perhaps that is the reason this automaker’s vehicles’ have become almost ubiquitous.

The company continually develops sophisticated ways to improve its products. It offers diverse products that allow their customers unlimited choice. The company’s product mix includes engines, accessories and spare parts, marine products, Toyota automobiles, Lexus automobiles, and Welcab series (modified for the elderly and disabled). If a customer wants a luxury vehicle, Lexus automobiles satisfy that demand. And if a senior needs a suitable car, Welcab series have them covered.

Toyota marketing strategy: Price

Toyota sells affordable, comfortable, and fuel-efficient vehicles as well as top-of-the-range products that offer comfort and luxury. One cannot immediately identify the specific market category the company serves. Perhaps it is accurate to say that Toyota sells to the world. Before the company enters a new market, it has already developed a crystal clear understanding of the market and its various needs. One finds a profusion of specific models offered at varying price points in a given market and only a few such units in a different one. In markets that demand comfort and luxury, the company provides products that satisfy that need at acceptable prices. The most popular models in a given market are usually a reflection of its people’s purchasing power.

Toyota marketing strategy: Place

Toyota cars seem to be everywhere you look. Dealerships and retailers are the two principal places Toyota uses to distribute its products. Customers can find with ease the find numerous dealerships and retailers all over the world. But the largest chunk of the sales is attributable to the dealerships’ efforts. The company supplies its accessories and parts through independently owned auto spare stores. And there are millions of such businesses dotting the world’s economic landscape. Toyota relies heavily on the revenue its dealerships generate. But the company would not be where it is without the billions of dollars rolling in from the private auto spare stores.

Additionally, the internet is increasingly becoming a place where Toyota’s customers all over the world can buy products. It is hard to find a dealership that lacks a strong online presence.

Toyota marketing strategy: Promotion

When it comes to promotion and getting one’s name out there, Toyota goes all out and wins. The company consistently devises and executes various strategies and specific activities that aim to saturate the auto market with “Toyota messages.” Toyota promotes itself and its products through public relations, personal selling, advertisements, direct selling, and sales promotion.

Toyota marketing strategy: toyota’s promotion function

Personal Selling: Salespeople do personal selling at the various dealerships around the world. Most people are familiar with the typical, ever-smiling car salespeople at such locations. They are excellent at explaining or demonstrating why a particular model would work for a customer. Toyota’s Personal selling strategy is hugely successful if the humongous cumulative dealerships’ sales are anything to go by.

Advertisements: Toyota really goes to town on newspaper, TV, and online ads

Public Relations: Toyota understands and appreciates the incredible power of “free press” that is public relations. The company runs various programs that demonstrate Toyota’s commitment to corporate social responsibility. Studies have shown that customers are increasingly choosing to support businesses that care about people and not just profits. Some of the programs are Togethergreen and Meal Per Hour. Togethergreen supports environmental initiatives while Meal Per Hour demonstrates Toyota’s concern for the hungry. “Acts of kindness” encourage consumers to form supportive mental associations with the businesses involved.

Direct Sales

Recently, Toyota started testing the effectiveness of a solution that potentially offers its customers convenience and saves them time. It is a web-based system where prospective customers would log in and order a product from anywhere. The company would then deliver the product to the customer’s preferred location. One wonders whether the success of the proposed system could lead to job losses.

Toyota marketing strategy: People

People are a central factor to how Toyota runs its business. The company invests enormously into its workforce through training and talent development. While Toyota pays great salaries to its employees, the work environment is not what one would call comfortable. It is a challenging place that forces people to think and create solutions that solve the company’s problems. People are probably the automaker’s number-one factor that sets it apart from its competitors.

Toyota runs its business on the premise that efficiency combined with good people produces excellence. Every person working for them is a dedicated soul who works hard to attain Chie — Japanese for Wisdom or knowledge. At Toyota, everyone’s ideas matter. And suggestions can originate from any place, whether that is the corner office or the factory floor.

Toyota marketing strategy: Process

Toyota hates waste and favors the lean manufacturing approach. The company remains firmly opposed to people and ideas that waste time, material or other resources. After attaining dominance, many companies tend to stop to celebrate their success. But Toyota has a different “mindset.” To them, anything that works excellently today needs to be working even better tomorrow. At that point, Toyota begins to look like one of the successful companies of the future.

Toyota marketing strategy: Physical Evidence

Toyota is easily identifiable by a logo that features three overlapping ellipses. The ellipses symbolize the “oneness” that exists between the hearts of Toyota’s customers and the carmaker’s products. The logo also reminds the corporation of the critical role technology serves in the grand scheme of things. The emblem makes the company’s dealerships, products, and staff easily identifiable. And customers get documentation that would always call to mind the buying experience relating to the product purchased.

That is what makes Toyota strategy great. It is reasonable to assume that other types of businesses can achieve excellence by implementing in their situations the 7Ps of marketing.

About the author

Alen Owen is professional marketing essay writer with Expert Writing Help. He has authored numerous papers on marketing case studies, marketing plan assignments and financial analysis papers with great precision. We hope you learnt alot from his concise writing and indepth research on Toyota marketing strategy plan.

Effect of Brexit on British Education

The Effect of Brexit on British Education Systems, Benefits and Challenge

The British education system is one of the most excellent and prestigious in the world. Parents and guardians from all corners of the earth have had no problem paying for their children the high fees some of the best British institutions of higher learning charge. Everything was all right until Brexit happened. The move by Britons to vote to exit the European Union was a decision that no doubt has had certain effects that have resonated in the United Kingdom and beyond. The exiting process is expected to be finalized by spring of 2019. You want to know the effect of Brexit on British education systems, benefits and challenges, right? Read on

Effect of brexit on British education: increased fees

One of the most important ways Brexit has affected the British education systems is that it is, unintentionally, discouraging learners from other countries from joining U.K. universities. You already know that the tuition fees some U.K. colleges charge are some of the highest worldwide, already. Pre-Brexit U.K. had everyone from the European Union paying the same amount of tuition fees British students paid to get an excellent education.

Things are changing, though. Some colleges have already included a note in the tuition fees pages of their websites informing existing students across the vast EU region that they cannot predict the fees payable come 2019.

It is this unpredictability that has had some learners abandon their dreams of earning degrees from U.K. universities. When Brexit completes its course tentatively next year, EU learners will start paying the same amount of fees applicable to international students.

Effect of brexit on British education: restricted movement

Debate rages on among U.K. politicians as to whether EU residents will continue enjoying the current freedom of movement in the country. If they decide to curtail this freedom, people originating from the EU will find it hard to gain entry into the country and consequently its education system. Currently, approximately six percent of the learners in the U.K. comes from the EU. British campuses have contemplated what the effect of the eventual exit of these students will be.

As British degrees become more challenging to access, small colleges in most of the remote and less attractive cities will suffer most. The exit of these international students means the exit of much-needed tuition fees. In fact, a recent study revealed that foreign learners spend about 86 billion pounds while studying in the U.K. While economists are yet to figure out how this will impact the British education system, it is safe to say the system will suffer in some way. Most of these students will most probably join universities in Ireland, Netherlands, Sweden, and Scotland among other colleges that teach degrees in English.

That said, those who come from wealthy families are unlikely to be deterred by the higher fees and stricter Visa rules. For some international residents, earning a British degree has become a family tradition, and it is likely that these challenges will cause them to abandon such valued traditions.

Effect of brexit on British education: funding and scholarships

Apart from the economic impacts felt, there are other challenges the British education faces. One of these problems relates to the question of access to funding from the EU. Many British universities have benefited from EU funds which they have used to build laboratories and lecture theatres. Some schools in the U.K. have been funded by the EU up to 15 percent of their overall budgets, and Brexit means they will need to look for alternative funding.

One could argue that these colleges will receive funding from the U.K government. While this will most likely happen, it might be a challenging task for a country whose current research budget is below the international average.

Additionally, Brexit affects staffing at British universities. Fifteen percent of the research and teaching staff come from the EU. The Erasmus scheme has had 200,000 British students and 20,000 university staff study and work in European universities. Will all this come to an end with Brexit? It is a wait-and-see situation here.

Positive Effect of Brexit on British Education

Increased British government funding to UK instititions

Brexit is not without some benefits. It is highly likely that the British higher education industry will continue to thrive despite Brexit. The government is already aware of the need to step in and extend a helping hand for the advancement of science and research. If the government provides substantial support to the British education system, U.K. universities might end up far much stronger than they could ever have become pre-Brexit. Universities in this country have established high standards of excellence in education and research, and the government will want to do whatever it takes to ensure this trend continues.

Enhanced fees collection

Secondly, British universities attract a vast number of international students. Higher tuition fees and stricter Visa regulations might dissuade a number of these aspiring learners to enrol in British programs. Ordinarily lower student numbers would mean reduced fees for the universities and colleges, but then the institutions will be charging more. Considering that a significant number of international students will still want to get a British degree, the net effect could end up being that the universities collect more tuition fees than they used to during the pre-Brexit days.

Attract and retain talent and best brains in the UK

The new Visa rules, while seemingly stricter, operate under a points-based system which the most qualified people from the rest of the world would find rational. The new rules not only favours well-qualified Master’s and PhD students from other parts of the world but it also eases the rights of those currently well-qualified to remain and continue working in the United Kingdom. A point-based Visa system is the best way to attract and retain the most brilliant brains from all over the world, as opposed to mainly the EU, as is currently the case.
Undoubtedly, Brexit has been impactful in the British education system. From reduced student numbers and EU faculty talent to discontinuation of research funds from the EU, the effects and challenges are evident. Leaving the EU, however, brings certain benefits that become apparent on a closer analysis of the impact Brexit will have on the British education system. It is highly unlikely that the value of a U.K. degree will diminish. If you have been thinking of studying a degree program in that country, there is no reason you should halt your plans. The burning desire to become a highly sought-after graduate will see you through any current challenges.

About the Author

Alan is an expert MBA dissertation writer he is currently researching on the impact of Brexit on various aspects of lives both to British and international citizens. He also contributed in writing economics case study on Brexit that was published on this blog.

Different Types of Essays and Formats

Did you know there exists different types of essays and formats and some you might never learn in your school years? Writing essays is a must do for all high school, college and university, however, you will be restricted to a few types of essays and formats. We encourage students to learn different essays formats and structures as they might be required to understand them in their professional life.

Depending on the institution and academic level experience shows that most employers respect job seekers who are college graduates. Holding a university degree announces to the world that you have what it takes to accomplish great things. You probably know that earning that coveted degree is not going to be a walk in the park. Enjoy your life at the university; attend all the parties you want, but always ensure you turn in your assignments on time. Throughout your college life, you will write dozens of papers on various subjects relating to your degree program. Essays are a reality of college life, especially if are studying a degree in the humanities or the social sciences. Different types of essays exist. If you seek to understand the different types of essays and their formats, you have come to the right place.

Formats and Types of Essays You Should Learn

First things first — what is an essay? An essay is usually a short piece of writing covering a topic relating to a particular subject. Not all essays are brief. The voluminous works of prolific writers such as Alexander Pope or the equally talented John Locke are essentially essays. You now know what an essay is; let us move on to the various types of essays and their formats.

Type of essay: Expository essay

The first type of essay you need to familiarise yourself with is the expository essay. An expository essay, also known as an explanatory essay, attempts to describe or explain something. Scholars use this type of essay to present information with the sole purpose of educating the reader. Once in a while, your professor might ask you to write an expository essay to help you discover more about a specific subject, to test your researching skills, and to assess your understanding of the subject in question. When writing this type of essay, you cannot use “I” in your sentences, though you might use “you” when referring to your audience. You need to stick to the facts; your personal opinion is not of any help when tackling such an assignment.

You must include citations, and you will need to follow a particular referencing style. Typically, you will need to use the MLA formatting style, APA, or Harvard styles.

Type of essay: Persuasive essay

The second type of essay you will interact with is the persuasive essay. In this kind of essay, the job of the writer is to persuade the reader to support a specific point of view. Here, your instructor wants you to gain a deep understanding of your subject and take a position relating to the subject matter. To do this, you must use your power of reason to build sound arguments that withstand criticism. Unless your teacher prefers a different essay format, a persuasive essay usually requires the MLA formatting style.

Type of essay: Comparison and contrast essay

The next type of essay is the comparison and contrast essay. In this kind of essay, the writer aims at exploring and exposing the similarities and dissimilarities between ideas. You will need to bring your analytical ability and critical faculties to bear upon the subject at hand. You should be able to succinctly describe what two ideas or realities have in common and what makes them distinct. Usually, no scholarly research and referencing is needed. Therefore, citation is not necessary.

You should also get a clear understanding of what a cause and effect essay is. This type of essay concerns itself with the how and why of things, and the effects that certain situations and events give rise to. For example, your professor might ask you to write a cause and effect essay on the causes of overeating in children and the effects of overeating on the health of these children. You are not allowed to use “I” when writing this type of essay. A cause and effect essay insists on facts, and your opinion should not appear anywhere on the piece you are writing. When you extricate yourself from the essay and present facts, the result is that your work seems authoritative and reliable. You will have to cite all your sources, and it is important that you find sources that lend validity and credibility to your work. The recommended format for this type of essay is MLA or APA style. Still, your professor might suggest that you use a different formatting style. It is best that you follow your teacher’s instructions.

Type of essay: Research essay

Then there is the research essay. In this type of composition, the objective is to analyse a perspective or to argue a point of view concerning a narrow topic. The writer needs to find objective and relevant material and comb through it to locate the specific research that supports their ideas. The writer needs to evaluate and interpret the material and make their point. Either MLA or APA formatting style is suitable for this type of essay.

Your tutor might require you to write a review at some point. A review aims at analysing and presenting a piece of work, say a film or a book, to evaluate its overall validity and effects. Your subjective opinion is all right, but an objective angle has its significance too. A review having a lot of personal views might seem less formal. All assertions made require proof. As long as you have used reference material, you will need to include citations. The MLA formatting style is suitable for reviews.

How to Write And Format Essays

Finally, you want to know what an informal essay is. As the name suggests, an informal essay communicates subjectively in a style that is more conversational and expressive than what you would find in any other type of composition. You can include your personal opinion, persuade, and inform. For this kind of piece, you do not need to add citations. As a result, no formatting style is necessary.

The types of essays and their formatting styles in this article are not the only ones. There are others, and it is your job as a good student to read up on them and increase your knowledge. The explanations presented here should help you avoid mixing up things as you write your essays.

Due to lack of writing skills or enough time to conduct thorough research you might require our best essay writing services online. We are a team of highly talented and skilled writers with adequate knowledge on different types of essays and formats. Therefore, do not hesitate to buy expertly written essay papers from our experts at affordable cost.

Guide to Improve Grammar For ESL Students

Guide to Improve Grammar: What ESL Student Should Learn

Learning a new language has its benefits, but it can be quite hard. Things get harder when the language in question happens to be English. If you are an international student studying a degree in an English speaking country such as the U.S. or the United Kingdom, you have no choice but to become proficient in this language. Follow this guide to improve grammar within the shortest time possible, and reap fruits of being proficient in the language

When learning any new language, you will find words spelt in ways that leave you confused and wondering if you will ever learn. Also, there are a lot of grammar rules that might appear somewhat illogical; rules that are unlike anything you have seen in your native language. Take heart; you are not the only one. Even native speakers find themselves needing someone to explain something whenever they feel a little confused.

Guide To Improve Grammar: Reasons To Learn English

Why learn English when there are so many languages in the world from which to choose? Having a better understanding of this language will help you communicate with and make new friends in school, at work, and elsewhere. Additionally, mastering the Queen’s language can open more doors in education. In fact, learning English has been known to improve one’s career prospects. The opportunities that await you are endless, and with determination, you should be speaking English fluently soon.

To learn English as an ESL student, you will need to study various core topics. You must practice grammar, English vocabulary, spelling and reading, listening, writing, and a lot of common English phrases. You will need to learn a bit of slang if you desire to learn how to use this language in different settings. Some of the topics will empower you when it comes to writing academic papers or business communications. Others will stand you in good stead during person-to-person conversations or when watching television.

Guide To Improve Grammar: Steps To Improve Grammar For ESL

Learn grammar rules

You must resolve to master all the rules of English grammar as an ESL student. Internalizing these rules develops in you an excellent understanding of proper English syntax. This understanding becomes more useful as you continue on your journey to becoming completely fluent.

There is nothing like a writer who lacks a crystal clear understanding of how grammar rules work. So if you will be writing in this language, you do not have much choice — you must master the rules.

Improving your comprehension and conversational skills is critical. When you practice reading, you incorporate all the technical rules of English as you strengthen your comprehension skills. You will develop a contextual understanding of words and sentence structure.

Engage in listening activities

Listening activities give you a clear understanding of how native speakers pronounce words. Additionally, listening offers you an opportunity to learn how grammatical sentences sound during normal conversation.

Learning English common phrases is another practical way of gaining fluency. This language has a thousand and one idiomatic sayings and slang that ESL students like you might find senseless and even downright illogical.

Start by learning the meaning of such idioms. The internet or the local library is an excellent place to start. Once you have grasped how natives use a specific figure of speech, start practising it in your daily conversations. You will surprise yourself how soon you will start sounding like a real native speaker. You will stop feeling awkward when having a conversation with such speakers.

Guide To Improve Grammar: Make Internet Your Friend

As already mentioned, the worldwide web is an incredible resource when it comes to learning English or any other subject. People no longer use dictionaries; they use their favourite browser to look up words they do not understand. What is more, they get to hear native speakers pronounce the words.

Make use of online videos, too. There are hundreds of online teachers who want to share with the world the joy of being able to speak fluent English. These trainers have taken their time to create incredible videos where they explain in simple language how to use idiomatic phrases, phrasal verbs, and most importantly, how to pronounce words in a sentence. One great thing about watching and listening is that you will retain a lot of the knowledge you gather from those YouTube lessons.

You can find a lot of ESL-focussed English lessons online. Such resources are created purposely for the benefit of ESL students. Most of these lessons are interesting and engaging and will help you understand a lot of useful English concepts. Additionally, these resources address all the mistakes people make when they are learning this language. They also provide tips on how a learner can avoid such errors and remember all the new language rules they have already learned.

Also, some games and puzzles can help you practice language skills. Playing these games is an interactive activity that tests how well you have mastered the grammar rules, punctuation, vocabulary, and spelling. You can find a lot of practical study guides that will help you improve your proficiency in English.

As you follow our guide to improve grammar, know that becoming proficient in English is a highly rewarding journey. Most of the big corporations and multinationals require their employees to be proficient in English. Similarly, top universities and colleges in the world teach their programs in English. Start it now and take your communication skills and career to the next level.

According to an article “7 benefits of learning English” published in EFL Magazine most academic work is written in English. Therefore, ESL students from non english speaking countries like China, Japan, Saudi Arabia and many more require to academic writing help. At expert writing help we assist students write quality Economics essays, GIS essays, nursing capstones and history assignments. Given most of statistical programs are written in English we offer ESL students with help with data analysis assignment at affordable rates

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis

Are you a strategic management student looking for Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis sample essay? our cheap business capstone project writers in an endeavor to assist our clients pass their essays and homework wrote a free sample essay analyzing airbnb business model. The analysis used Porter’s Five Forces Model to evaluate the strength and weakness of the company and also the operating environment that airbnb operates in.

With over 3,000,000 lodging listings in 65,000 cities and 191 countries; Airbnb (www.airbnb.com) is a virtual marketplace and hospitality service that empowers individuals to lease or rent short term accommodation comprising of vacation and apartment rentals, homestays, hostel beds or hotel rooms. Instead of booking into a hotel or B&B, users stay in other people’s properties, potentially enjoying a more quirky and personal experience. The business does not own any lodging; it is merely a broker and receives percentage service fees (commissions) from both guests and hosts in conjunction with every booking. Users can hunt for lodging using a variety of filters including lodging type, dates, location, and price Airbnb can be accessed via either the Airbnb websites or mobile applications for iOS, Apple Watch, and Android.

With the use of Airbnb App, travelers can easily search the database for available properties by entering details about when and where they would like to travel. They can additionally upgrade searches by:

Room style – whole place, secluded room or joint room
Fee – range from minimum to maximum
Size – number of bedrooms, bathrooms, and beds
Amenities – Internet connection, kitchen, pool, etc.
Property type – standard properties like apartments, houses and bed & breakfasts
Host language – English, French, and Germany

The purpose of the Porter’s five forces analysis on Airbnb is to determine competitive advantage and Airbnb strategies to reach more travellers . Porter’s Model of competitive analysis is a widely used approach to develop a strategy in many industries. According to Porter, competitive nature of the industry could be seen as a combination of top five strengths, namely rivalry among existing competitors, the threat of new entries, threat of alternative products, and the negotiating power of suppliers and customers.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : The potential threat of new entries

The threat of new entries into the market for Airbnb is considered weak and flexible. On the surface it seems like there aren’t many barriers to entry and that any website could pop up to compete with Airbnb. However, Airbnb is not only well funded but is in operation in nearly 200 countries. For any company to pose a threat, they will need both access to millions in capital to venture into the account and an excellent brand equity to capture the requirements and demands of customers and compete with Airbnb.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : The threat of substitutions

The threat of substitutes is quite high because switching costs are non-existent to individuals who utilize Airbnb. Customers can very easily choose a traditional hotel, B&B, hostel, and couch surfing, as an alternative in the future. As Airbnb is growing, so is its competitors or companies who offer the same concept. These companies usually fall into three principal categories:

Hotels: They considered as the most readily available and well-known way for every traveler to stay. With the existence of Airbnb, hotels have noticed the changes in consumer preferences due to the availability of new social-oriented products, homier settings, and more functional apps. Hotels have thus managed to achieve this demand by growing their portfolios by adding brands that are intended to appeal to millennial customers and those who want less service and more connectivity — both technologically and with shared space.

Hostels: Hostels tend to be attractive for backpackers traveling alone and wanting a great way to meet like-minded travelers because these accommodations not only provide ample opportunities for social interactions in the communal areas but are cheaper and have a more youthful, intimate vibe than a traditional hotel. Features such as communal breakfasts, weekend party occasions, and fun little structures like book exchanges and rooftop cinemas create a delightful atmosphere is attractive to many travelers who would rather waive modern amenities of pools, room service, and polite if impersonal customer service that are mostly offered in other establishments.

Couchsurfing: This is a web platform founded in 2004 where hostess of all over the world offers their sofa or a place to stay for overseas people with no cost at all. It supports a global community of 10 million people in more than 200,000 cities worldwide and does not have standard ‘listings,’ as hosting is optional and voluntary. The main reasons why budget travelers prefer using couch surfing are;

There is a significant possibility of finding free lodging all around the globe.
A traveler can choose a host based on location thereby enabling them to stay downtown instead of a low-priced motel a few minutes away.
Individuals on couch surfing are interesting people who are well traveled and always glad to teach and share life stories with their host. This trait makes their trips much more exciting and may even turn some hosts to longtime friends.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : Negotiating power of customers

The negotiating power of clients with regards to Airbnb is high because at the moment they have a broad range of services to choose (price, location, and host rating).

The economic growth has always been helpful in developing the tourism and hospitality of a country. Compared to other options like hotels or motels, Airbnb has been considered as a cheaper option for most travelers. Though travelers have no avenue of price negotiation of the rooms or apartments with the host in the Airbnb web platform, they, however, have the buyer power in the alternatives of prices and styles available for them to choose from and can thereby quickly decide on the residence where they will stay without hurting their finances.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : Bargaining power of suppliers

The bargaining power of vendors is meager because Airbnb who control the connection between the two parties has made it hard for individuals trying to rent out their rooms and apartments do not have an alternative method to connect with customers using the Airbnb App.

For Airbnb, the supplier is the host that offers the room or apartment to travelers; they are the ones that make the business happen. The hosts are the basic level that provides potential clients services that they require. Airbnb works in tandem with the host to avoid problems with the customers. Though there is nothing comparable to a union for these suppliers to work together to place demands on Airbnb, Airbnb, however, offers hosts the liberty to decide the conditions to their boarders, always following some rules and brand principles. The host can choose if he or she wants to alter the price depending on any situation. The rents are exclusive and focus on unusual places for a high volume of travelers thereby providing a range of prices for all types of customers.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : Inter-firm rivalry

Rivalry among Existing Firms is usually the greatest force in five competitive forces. The inter-firm rivalry is moderate or even low. There are several high-quality Airbnb competitors with networks and websites similar to Airbnb. Sites such as OneFineStay.com,Tripping.com, HomeAway.com, Expedia.com are working overtime to overthrow Airbnb from its throne. One competitor that has inevitably caught the attention of Airbnb shareholders is Onefinestay.com. Onefinestay is a 5-year-old London startup that operates as an upmarket Airbnb service, renting out expensive homes and apartments to tourists in cities around the world while the owners are away. Currently, in operation in London, LA, Paris and New York and over 10,000 homes in its books, the houses available on the site are much swankier than those typically set up on related sites like Airbnb, with the regular charge for a onefinestay property being above $600 (£382) a night. Onefinestay also washes each property before and after people stay and offers linen and skincare product, just like a hotel would. The company also takes all its photos of the properties to market them

The company is giving Airbnb a run for their money as it expands deeper into the market with the recent announcement of a $40 million (£25.4 million) new funding from an array of top financiers. Everyone from the technological arena like Intel Capital to hotels such as Hyatt Hotels has taken a ride in the investment wagon, which doubles the total raised by the firm to $80 million (£50.8 million). This, according to the CEO Grey Marsh, means that the company will be enabled to penetrate an identified market in 100 cities around the world.

Airbnb Porter Five Forces Analysis : Gaining Competitive Adavantage in Competitive Business Environment

The development of the industrial world is rapidly increasing competition. In the 21st century, the development of a company is driven by the information system to serve its customers. Enterprises that do not want to grow regarding information systems will gradually be abandoned by the client because it is felt to be ineffective and less helpful or interactive. The market offers so many comparable and nearly identical structures and services to meet the ever growing demands of customers. Airbnb operations have stood the test of time, although in 2009 it was declared bankrupt, it managed to dust itself off and prove it can survive all trials and tribulations that exist in the operations of a business. In the past, these types of services were used widely by thrifty tourists looking for low-cost places to stay in a particular city. Nowadays, however, more and more business travelers and professionals are looking to Airbnb for exclusive and unforgettable memories. Although there are specific hazards associated with using a standard economy system such for Airbnb, it goes without saying that the company is working towards mitigating them to continue enjoying a piece of the online service pie.

Author Bio:

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